The impedance ellipticity is usually defined as:
where Zxx, Zyy, Zxy, Zyx - are 4 components of impedance tenzor, and A is the calculated impedance principal direction.
Chave, A.D. and Jones, A.G. eds., 2012. The magnetotelluric method: Theory and practice. Cambridge University Press.
Wight, D.E., 1987. Society of Exploration Geophysicists MT/EMAP Data Interchange Standard.